The effect of sedentary lifestyle on obesity prevalence among adults in Niger State
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Background of the Study
Obesity is a major public health concern worldwide, with its prevalence increasing in both developed and developing countries (Adebayo et al., 2023). In Nigeria, the rising rates of obesity among adults have become a significant issue, particularly in urban areas, due to changing lifestyles and dietary patterns. Obesity is a risk factor for several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers, making it a serious concern for public health in Niger State, located in central Nigeria (Adamu & Bello, 2023). One of the primary contributors to obesity is a sedentary lifestyle, characterized by low levels of physical activity and prolonged periods of inactivity, such as sitting or lying down during daily activities (Okunola et al., 2024).
In Niger State, the prevalence of obesity has been linked to urbanization, with many residents adopting sedentary behaviors associated with modern technology and conveniences, such as the use of motor vehicles and extended screen time (Sulaimon et al., 2024). Sedentary lifestyles, when combined with poor dietary choices and limited access to recreational spaces or fitness facilities, contribute to the rising obesity rates among adults in the state (Ganiyu et al., 2023). However, while sedentary behavior has been widely discussed in the context of urbanization, its specific effects on obesity prevalence in rural and semi-urban areas of Niger State remain under-researched.
Understanding the relationship between sedentary lifestyles and obesity prevalence is crucial for developing effective public health interventions aimed at reducing obesity rates and promoting physical activity. This study seeks to examine the effect of sedentary lifestyles on the prevalence of obesity among adults in Niger State and identify potential strategies to mitigate the impact of physical inactivity on health.
Statement of the Problem
Obesity has reached alarming levels among adults in Niger State, with sedentary lifestyles being a key contributing factor. However, there is limited research on the direct relationship between sedentary behavior and obesity prevalence in the state. Understanding this relationship is crucial for developing targeted interventions to reduce obesity rates and improve public health outcomes in Niger State.
Objectives of the Study
1. To examine the effect of sedentary lifestyle on the prevalence of obesity among adults in Niger State.
2. To identify the major factors contributing to sedentary behavior in adults in Niger State.
3. To recommend interventions to promote physical activity and reduce obesity in Niger State.
Research Questions
1. What is the relationship between sedentary lifestyle and obesity prevalence among adults in Niger State?
2. What are the key factors contributing to sedentary behavior in Niger State?
3. What interventions can be implemented to reduce sedentary lifestyles and combat obesity in Niger State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Sedentary lifestyle is significantly associated with higher obesity prevalence among adults in Niger State.
2. Factors such as urbanization, technology use, and limited physical activity opportunities significantly contribute to sedentary behavior in Niger State.
3. Public health interventions promoting physical activity will significantly reduce obesity prevalence in Niger State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on adults aged 18 and above in both urban and rural areas of Niger State. Data will be collected through surveys, interviews, and physical measurements (e.g., BMI). Limitations include possible biases in self-reported physical activity levels and challenges in obtaining representative samples from both urban and rural populations.
Definitions of Terms
• Sedentary Lifestyle: A lifestyle characterized by low levels of physical activity, with long periods of sitting or lying down.
• Obesity: A medical condition characterized by excessive body fat, typically measured by a BMI of 30 or higher.
• Physical Activity: Any movement of the body that expends energy, such as walking, exercising, or engaging in sports.
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